1 Si la caution s’oblige avec le débiteur en prenant la qualification de caution solidaire ou toute autre équivalente, le créancier peut la poursuivre avant de rechercher le débiteur et de réaliser ses gages immobiliers, à condition que le débiteur soit en retard dans le paiement de sa dette et qu’il ait été sommé en vain de s’acquitter ou que son insolvabilité soit notoire.
2 Le créancier ne peut poursuivre la caution avant d’avoir réalisé ses gages sur les meubles et créances que dans la mesure où, suivant l’appréciation du juge, ces gages ne couvrent probablement plus la dette, ou s’il en a été ainsi convenu ou encore si le débiteur est en faillite ou a obtenu un sursis concordataire.
1 Where two or more persons stand surety for a single divisible principal obligation, each of them is liable as simple surety for his share and as collateral surety for the shares of the others.
2 Where they have assumed joint and several liability by agreement with the principal debtor or among themselves, each of them is liable for the whole obligation. However, a co-surety may refuse to pay more than his share where debt enforcement proceedings have not been commenced against all other jointly and severally liable co-sureties who entered into the contract of surety before him or at the same time and who may be sued for the obligation in Switzerland. He has the same right if his co-sureties have paid their share or furnished real security. Unless otherwise agreed, a co-surety who has paid his share has a right of recourse against other jointly and severally liable co-sureties to the extent that each of them has not yet paid his share. This right may be exercised before recourse against the principal debtor.
3 Where it was apparent to the creditor that the surety entered into the contract on condition that others would stand surety with him for the same principal obligation, the surety is released if such condition is not fulfilled or if subsequently one of the co-sureties is released from his liability by the creditor or if his undertaking is declared invalid. In this last case the court may also, on grounds of equity, simply adjudicate that the surety’s liability be reduced by an appropriate amount.
4 Where several persons have independently agreed to stand surety for the same principal obligation, each of them is liable for the whole amount of his own commitment. However, unless otherwise agreed, a surety who pays such amount has a right of recourse against the others for their respective shares.
Ceci n’est pas une publication officielle. Seule la publication opérée par la Chancellerie fédérale fait foi. Ordonnance sur les publications officielles, OPubl.
This document is not an official publication. Only the publication of the Federal Chancellery is legally binding.